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parenteral nutrition
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is feeding a person intravenously, bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The person receives nutritional formulae that contain nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, lipids and added vitamins and dietary minerals. It is called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or total nutrient admixture (TNA) when no significant nutrition is obtained by other routes. It may be called peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) when administered through vein access in a limb, rather than through a central vein.
==History==
Developed in the 1960s by Dr Stanley J. Dudrick, who as a surgical resident in the University of Pennsylvania, working in the basic science laboratory of Dr Jonathan Rhoads, was the first to successfully nourish initially Beagle puppies and subsequently newborn babies with catastrophic gastrointestinal malignancies.〔Total parenteral nutrition in infants with catastrophic gastrointestinal anomalies. Wilmore DW, Groff DB, Bishop HC, Dudrick SJ. J Pediatr Surg. 1969 Apr;4(2):181-9.PMID 4976039〕 Dr Dudrick collaborated with Dr Willmore and Dr Vars to complete the work necessary to make this nutritional technique safe and successful.〔Long-term total parenteral nutrition with growth, development, and positive nitrogen balance. Dudrick SJ, Wilmore DW, Vars HM, Rhoads JE. ''Surgery''. 1968 Jul;64(1):134-42.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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